Cultural and Economic Globalization - 1072 Words

The important texts in every different time period arose from different composer’s ways of thinking and pose a lasting significance on society. These themes arise uniquely in an array of texts including Shamus Heaney’s poems Digging, Punishment and Funeral Rites , Sofia Coppola’s film Lost in translation, Eat Pray love written by Elizabeth Gilbert and in the 2011 Television series Off The Map directed by Jenna Bans. The values explored in these texts are fundamentally linked to the religious, philosophical, scientific and cultural paradigms of the twenty and twenty first century , are a reflection of society and literature in that time period. These texts have formed new ideologies and different ways of thinking in society and have†¦show more content†¦Different ways of thinking from composers has led to a greater understanding of the meaning of wealth. Similarly in Digging composed in 1966 Heaney exemplifies a localised definition of wealth. Heaney va lues family, heritage and expertise and ignores the global paradigms. Heaney uses personal language to depict his family is hardworking but not wealthy, symbolised by the paper cork. Despite this however the tone of the poem remains positive and admiration is depicted in the line â€Å"by God that man could handle a spade.† Imagery and onomatopoeia contribute also to Heaney’s admiration for his families work â€Å"a clean rasping sound.† Although throughout the poem there is a change from parochial to a potential more global influence moving from the local to global. Refusing to limit himself to his families career. Contrastingly in funeral Rites written in 1975 Heaney addresses the global issue of violence, offering local solutions. Heaney alters his definition of worth in response to global violence by valuing peace and unity. (textual detail ,add closing sentence) Religious globalisation is the spread and increased interrelations of various religious groups, ideas, and practices and their ideas of the meanings and values of particular spaces. Religion has not changed majorly throughout time; rather society’s perspective of religion has changed, as have their moral andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Globalization On The Economic And Cultural Borders994 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization is when interactions are made from trade and financial relationships amongst people, government, and companies. This is what allows the people around the globe to buy and sell the same items, even if the products weren’t from that country originally. That may seem alright, however, there are arguments between individuals who believe it has negative effects and those that see it as a positive force. Although, I believe it is positive for the United States and for the rest of the worldRead MoreGlobalization Is The Increasing Inter Connectedness Of People And Places Through Converging Economic, Political, And Cultural Activities2821 Words   |  12 Pages1. Globalization is defined in the book as the increasing inter-connectedness of people and places through converging economic, political, and cultural activities. Cultures and countries are now linked much more than they used to be in the past as technology continues to grow. It s becoming cheaper and easier to set up technology in lesser developed countries as well as that it continues to grow in more developed countries. Fast food restaurants are now changing and transferring to other countriesRead MoreGlobalization and Education1373 Words   |  6 PagesScientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)’s Bureau of Strategic Planning (2004) reported that globalization has not only contributed to the greater exchanges of ideas and awareness of the uniqueness of individual cultures and societies, but has highlighted the fundamental differences that result from these uni que characteristics. There are many advantages for societies and cultures as they become increasingly interconnected (Heimonen, 2012) through the process of globalization. InterconnectednessRead MoreCulture Drives Globalization Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe term ‘globalization’ did not come about till the twentieth century however the processes of globalization had been around since the era of imperial domination. â€Å"The controversy surrounding the on-going debates about globalization is whether unfettered market forces will further diverge or converge income the world over. On the one hand, proponents of globalization say it has promoted information exchange, led to a greater understanding of other cultures, raised living standards, increased purchasingRead MoreGlobalization Is A Process Of Interaction And Integration Among The People, Economics And Government Of Different Countries1329 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is a process of interaction and in tegration among the people, economics and government of different nationalities. Globalization is not new, over thousands of years; globalization has progressed through travel, migration and the spread of culture. Globalization has many effects on the world today. Globalization has an overwhelmingly positive impact to most countries in terms of economy, political and cultural. Economic globalization is a worldwide phenomenon where countries economicRead MoreGlobalization : What Is Globalization?871 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is Globalization? In order for my readers to fully understand the objective of this paper, I first need to make clear what globalization actually means, not just with the NFL, but to society in general. In society today, you hear the word â€Å"globalization† thrown around, but what does it actually mean? I looked to many sources and there were many different definitions. One source had a definition that really seemed to me to be the best description of globalization, particularly for the purposesRead MoreGlobalization Is A Process Of Interaction And Integration Among The People, Companies, And Countries1367 Words   |  6 PagesRebecca McCormick Globalization position paper Geography October 27, 2015 What is globalization? Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations. It is a process driven by international trade and investment aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, culture, political systems, economic development and prosperity, and human physical well-being in societies around the world. For thousandsRead More The Disadvantages of Globalization1567 Words   |  7 Pages Globalization is a term that is difficult to define, as it covers many broad topics in the global arena. However, it can typically be attributed to the advancement of economic, social, and cultural interactions among the companies, citizens, organizations, and governments of nations; globalization also focuses on the interactions and integration of countries (The Levin Institute 2012). Many in the Western world promote globalization as a positive concept that allows growth and participation in a Read MoreGlobalization And Its Impact On Society1369 Words   |  6 Pages Globalization is a broad term used in multiple social studies classes. There are three types of globalization: cultural, economical and political. As both positive and negative views exist on globalization; using just the word globalization isn’t specific enough to understand these viewpoints. Knowing the different types of globalization will allow a person to form their own opinion whether or not each individual type of globalization has a positive or negative impact on society. Cultural globalizationRead MoreGlobalization Is A Concept That Can Be Difficult1627 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is a concept that can be difficult to fully comprehend, because it is influenced by the theoretical underpinnings of governance, economics, politics, and even culture. Stief (2014) describes globalization as, â€Å"the process of increased interconnectedness among countries most notably in the areas of economics, politics, and culture† (para. 2). As technology bridges the knowledge gap and creates avenues, venues, and networks to connect people, processes, and businesses, the level of general

European Custom Law Free Essays

The Customs Union is one the bases of the European Union and an essential element in the functioning of the unified market. The unified market can only function when there is a common application of common rules at its external borders. This implies that the 27 Customs administrations of the EU must act, as they were one. We will write a custom essay sample on European Custom Law or any similar topic only for you Order Now These common rules go beyond the Customs Union as such, and extend to all aspects of trade policy, such as preferential trade, health, environmental control, the protection of EU economic interests and the management of external relations. The creation of a customs union in the European Economic Community in 1968 was implemented internally through the abolition of customs duties, quantitative restrictions and measures having equivalent effect between Member States and, on the external front, through the introduction of a common customs tariff and a common commercial policy. In fact, goods imported from third countries had to be treated in the same way by all Member States in order to circulate freely in the customs union. But the customs union itself had to be integrated into the existing international economic order, regulated by the 1948 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. On the EEC Treaty the Member States declared that in creating a customs union, they intended to contribute, in accordance with the common interest, to a harmonious development of world trade, a gradual removal of restrictions to international trade and the lowering of customs barriers. The creation of the customs union has led to strong growth in intra-Community trade, but the Community has not become insolated. Instead, it has developed into the world’s biggest importer and exporter. In addition, the rules of the GATT and the various international agreements created under their influence, formed the legal basis for the EU’s own commercial policy instruments and action, notably in the field of tariffs, the application of safeguard measures, anti-dumping and anti-subsidies actions. The European Union can introduce surveillance and safeguard measures in the framework of the common rules for imports when imports at prices viewed as normal are causing or risk causing serious injury to European producers. In cases where the export price is lower than the normal value of a like product (dumping), the EU can take trade protection measures, notably through the application of anti-dumping duties. European rules being compatible with those of the World Trade Organization, economic operators must comply with only one set of rules for imports into the EU These rules apply automatically in the new States acceding to the EU. The Member States of the European Union no longer have an independent foreign trade policy. More than 60% of their trade is intra-European and as such it depends on the rules of the single market that prohibit any trade protection or trade promotion measures. For the remaining 40% of their trade, the main instruments of commercial policy, the Common Customs Tariff, the common import arrangements and the common protective measures are in the hands of the organs of the EU, the Commission and the Council. Together they contribute to ensuring an even competition playing field for European businesses, giving them access to equal prices for imported raw materials and other products they need. At the same time, the common commercial policy facilitates the work of European importers who can use a uniform import license, valid throughout the EU. Mission statement of Customs authorities:The European Commission website on its Taxation and Union section states:â€Å"Customs authorities shall be primarily responsible for supervision of the Community’s international trade, thereby contributing to fair and open trade, to implementation of the external aspects of the internal market, of the common trade policy and of the other common Community policies having a bearing on trade, and to overall supply chain security. Customs authorities shall put in place measures aimed, in particular, at:a. Protecting the financial interests of the Community and its Member States;b. Protecting the Community from unfair and illegal trade while supporting legitimate business activity;c. Ensuring the security and safety of the Community and its residents, and protection of the environment, where appropriate in close cooperation with other authorities;d. Maintaining a proper balance between customs controls and facilitation of legitimate trade. The two faces of customsCustoms services in the EU play a dual role. Customs officers still act as collectors of customs levying import duties and taxes but increasingly they also work as â€Å"watchdogs† securing the Union’s external borders to protect citizens’ health and safety. Checks to enforce security and safety rules can only be performed at the EU’s external borders. It is inevitable that certain cargo shipments, which could pose a risk to the safety or security of the EU and its citizens, must be stopped and checked. These checks are different from the task of levying import duties, which customs authorities can perform at a later stage along the supply chain, for example on the premises of the importer or exporter, to avoid congestion at the EU’s external borders. The watchdogBorder checks to guarantee the safety and security of European citizens are performed by customs officers in close cooperation with other border agencies, such as veterinary and product safety authorities. Two particular causes of concern for customs authorities with respect to health and safety are counterfeit goods and drug precursors. The collector of customsEvery shipment of goods, which enters the European Union, has to be declared to customs. On the basis of the customs declarations, customs officers check the shipment and levy the import duties and taxes due. In 2007, import duties totaling over â‚ ¬15 billion were levied, which is equivalent to 13. 2% of the revenue side of the EU budget (Garcia, 2012)Application of Common Customs Tariff:A customs union is characterized by the existence of a single external tariff applied by all Member States to imports coming from third countries. Such imports only have to clear customs once and can then move freely within the common customs area. Reaching an agreement among the original Member States on a single external tariff required a complex striking of balances and compromises, given the different national interests, stemming from the different products that each country wished to protect. The common customs tariff (CCT) adopted by the European institutions in 1968 is, therefore, a major achievement of European integration (Article 28 TFEU, ex Article 23 TEC). For the member countries, the CCT meant both the loss of customs revenue, which, since 1975, has been a resource of the Community/Union budget, and the option of carrying out an independent customs or trade policy. No member country can unilaterally decide on or negotiate tariff matters; all changes to the CCT are decided by the Council following negotiation (if necessary) and proposal by the Commission. All bilateral (between the EU and non-member countries) and multilateral negotiations are carried out by the Commission. As of 1968, the Member States are not entitled to unilaterally carry out customs policy, i. e. suspend customs duties or change CCT. Only the Council can waive the normal application of CCT by means of regulations adopting various tariff measures. Such measures, whether required under agreements or introduced unilaterally, involve reductions in customs duties or zero-rating in respect of some or all imports of a given product in the territory of the European Union. They take the form of EU tariff quotas, tariff ceilings or total or partial suspension of duties. Modernized Customs Code: Customs authorities today, faced with this rapidly changing and challenging environment, must ensure that they continue to provide a first-class service to EU citizens and companies. A central pillar of the MCC is the concept of centralized clearance, which makes it possible for authorized EU traders to declare goods electronically and pay their customs duties and value-added tax (VAT) at the place where their business is established, irrespective of the member state where the goods are presented. Centralized clearance builds upon the current practice of Single Authorization for Simplified Procedures. The current draft of the MCCIP, however, requires that traders send the required customs clearance information to multiple member states. Basically, where the customs office designated for the lodging of customs declarations (i. e. , supervising customs office) is in a different member state than the customs office that receives the physical goods (i. e. customs office of presentation/importation), the importer must provide the entry information to the customs offices in both member states as well as the member state where the VAT is due. The modernisation and simplification of the customs legal and technological environment started several years ago with a major amendment to the Community Customs Code adopted in 2005, which gave EU customs authorities the powers to implement some of the most advanced security requirements in the world, while creating an environment that does not disrupt legitimate trade. This amendment is expected to be fully mplemented by mid 2016. The Modernized Customs Code will, when fully implemented, provide the necessary simplifications to make customs and trade work better, faster and cheaper. The Electronic Customs Decision already provides a significant step forward in linking national customs Information and Communication Technology systems, benefiting both customs and trade. By meeting the needs of modern logistics, a pan-European electronic customs will increase the competitiveness of companies doing business in Europe, reduce compliance costs and improve security at the EU borders. The proposal to amend the mutual administrative assistance provisions in customs matters will streamline and improve the current IT systems and enhance capacity in the fight against fraud in the customs sector. These are important legal and technological steps that will prepare European customs both for the immediate and the medium term future. Electronic Customs are a significant development for the E. U. Customs that aims to provide interoperable customs systems, accessible to economic operators throughout the Community by replacing paper-based customs procedures with similar declarations in electronic form across the entire E. U. , thus creating a more efficient, simpler and modern customs environment. The electronic office is a very important development for the E. U. Customs. Its aim is to provide interoperable customs systems, accessible to economic operators throughout the Community, in order to replace the current paper-based customs procedures, with similar declarations in e lectronic form throughout the entire E. U. , thus creating a more efficient, simpler and modern customs environment. Trade facilitation and security strengthen at external E. U. borders are the twin goals of this project. Specifically, this initiative aims to * Make easier the movement and control of goods to and from the internal market through efficient import and export procedures. * Increase the competitiveness of European trade, by reducing compliance and administrative costs as well as to speed up clearance times. * Facilitate legitimate trade through a coordinated and common approach of goods control. How to cite European Custom Law, Papers

Iliad Essay Example For Students

Iliad Essay Role of Greek Gods In the IlliadWith our view of God, it can sometimes be difficult to comprehendthe actions and thinking of the Greek deities. The Christian God doesnot tend to take such an active role in the affairs of people’s lives,where, on the other hand, the Greeks regarded direct involvement bythe gods as a daily, uncontrollable part of life. Needless to say,divine intervention was a major variable in the equation of Homer’sIliad. The gods picked who they would favour for different reasons. Except Zeus: As the symbol of supreme authority and justice, he makesjudgement calls as to the other gods’ involvement in the war, remainsimpartial, and doesn’t seem to get caught up in picking favourites. Even when his own son, Sarpedon, was about to die, Zeus chose to letthe outcome go unaltered. On the other hand, Zeus’s wife, Hera, displayed the more typicalactions of a god. After Paris, a Trojan, judged Aphrodite the fairestover Hera, and, after her daughter Hebe was replaced as cupbearer tothe gods by a young Trojan boy, she was quite resentful towards Troyand its people. Obviously she sided with the Greeks and would stop atno length to express her will. Scheming and manipulating she evendared to trick her husband, King of the Gods. Hera, along with Athena,who was also passed over by Paris, is seen as the chief divine aid tothe Greeks. Being the god of the sea, Poseidon was another strong supporterof the ocean-faring Greeks. Whenever Zeus turned his back Poseidontried to help the Greeks in the fight. Poseidon felt that he wassomewhat Zeus’s equal as his brother, but recognizing Zeus’s authorityand experience, he looked to Zeus as an elder. There were also Gods who favoured the Trojan side of theconflict. Both Apollo and Artemis, twin brother and sister, gave aidto the city of Troy. Although Artemis takes a rather minor role,Apollo, perhaps angered by Agamemmnon’s refusal to ransom Khryseis,the daughter of one of his priests and was constantly changing thecourse of the war in favour of the Trojans. Responsible for sendingplague to the Greeks, Apollo was the first god to make an appearancein the Iliad. Also, mainly because Apollo and Artemis were on theTrojan side, their mother, Leto, also helped the Trojans. Aphrodite, obviously supporting Paris’s judgement, sided with theTrojans. Although she was insignificant on the battlefield, Aphroditewas successful in convincing Ares, her lover and the god of war, tohelp the Trojans. One view of the gods’ seemingly constant intervention in the warwas that they were just setting fate back on the right course. Forinstance, when Patroklos was killed outside of Troy, Apollo felt noguilt for his doings. It had already been decided that Patroklos wouldnot take Troy, he should never have disobeyed Achilles in the firstplace. As a god, he was just setting fate on a straight line. Achilleslaid blame on Hektor and the Trojans. He did not even consideraccusing Apollo, who never came into question, although he wasprimarily responsible for the kill. Apollo’s part in the matter wasmerely accepted as a natural disaster or illness would be today. This general acceptance of a god’s will is a recurring trendthroughout the poem. A prime example of this trend is in book XXIV. Achilles, angry over the death of Patroklos brutally disgracedHektor’s body. Tethering Hektor’s corpse through the ankles, Achillesdragged him around Patroklos’s tomb every day for twelve days. .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .postImageUrl , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:hover , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:visited , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:active { border:0!important; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:active , .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc80833be0833cf94a1b08e2d6598143a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Antigone: A Tragic Hero EssayThis barbaric treatment was uncalled for and displeased the godsgreatly. Achilles mother, Thetis, was sent by Zeus to tell him toransom the body back to the Trojans. One may think Achilles would bepossessive of the body and attempt to put up a fuss as he did beforewith Agamemmnon in Book I. But, Achilles showed humility and respectfor the gods and immediately agreed to ransom the body to the Trojans,showing that all mortals, even god-like Achilles, were answerable tothe gods. This ideology would seem to give the gods a sort of unlimitedfreedom on earth, although, the gods could not always do as theypleased and eventually had to come before Zeus . Zeus acted as abalance of sorts throughout the Iliad. He had to keep the gods inorder and make sure that what fate decreed would happen. For example,after Achilles re-enters the battle Zeus declared that if Achilles wasallowed to go on slaughtering the Trojans with nothing to slow himdown, he would take Troy before fate said it would happen. Therefore,to counter Achilles massive retaliation against the Trojans, Zeusallowed the gods to go back to the battle field. In Zeus’s own interests, he preferred to deal with issues morepersonal to the individual heros of the Iliad. This can be seenthroughout the book as Zeus attempted to increase the honour ofcertain individuals. Zeus knew that Hektor was going to be killed byAchilles, and, feeling sorry for Hektor Zeus attempted to allow Hektorto die an honourable death. For instance, when Hektor strippedAchilles armour off Patroklos, Zeus helped Hektor â€Å"fill out† thearmour so he would not seem like less of a man then Achilles. Zeusalso gave his word to Thetis that Achilles would gain much gloryshowing his involvement on a personal level. Homer used the gods and their actions to establish twists on theplot of the war. It would not have been possible for him to write thestory without the divine interventions of the gods. Indeed, theyaffected every aspect the poem in some way, shape or form. Yet, fromthe immortal perspective of the Greek god, the Trojan war, andeverything related to it, was only a passing adventure in the greatexpanse of time.